Main Points- Nutrition and Transport in Man

TRANSPORT IN MAN (T6.1, 6.2 ONLY)
-Structure of arteries: thick muscular and elastic walls / no valves
-Structure of veins: thin muscular walls / valves present / movement of blood aided by contraction of skeletal muscles on the veins (blood is pushed along the vein)
-Structure of capillaries: one cell thick endothelium / thin walled (increase rate of exchange) of materials by diffusion
-Cardiac cycle: atrial systole / diastole / ventricular systole / diastole / contraction / relaxation / cardiac muscle / bicuspid valve / tricuspid valve / blood flows / pulmonary artery / aorta / semi lunar valves (aortic and pulmonary valve)


NUTRITION IN MAN
main parts of the digestive system (name and know the functions)
-Digestion take place in 3 places:
a)Mouth: Starch / salivary amylase
b)Stomach: pepsin / protein to polypeptides / HCl / functions of HCl
c)Small intestine: alkaline / villus / pancreas / pancreatic juice(TAL) / intestinal juice(EELMLS) / No digestion in the large intestine
-2 types of amylase: salivary, pancreatic (be specific)

-know products of all the enzyme reactions in the digestive system
eg: starch => maltose
fats => fatty acids + glycerol
proteins => peptones/polypeptides => amino acids

-assimilation IS NOT digestion or absorption!!!

Function of hepatic portal vein (from small intestine to liver for assimilation)

-Absorption: small intestine / villus / adaptations of villus/ lacteals / fatty acids / glycerol
-Assimilation: liver / bile / glycogen / excess glucose / deamination of excess amino acids / urea / urea excreted in urine
-Other functions of liver NOT related to digestive system: breakdown red blood cells / breakdown alcohol